First, let’s cover the three categories of migration. Internal migration is the movement within country bounds. International migration is the movement across country boundaries and transnational movement is the movement in which a person regularly moves back and forth between two or more countries and forms a new cultural identity transcending a single geopolitical unit.
Rural to Urban migration is the most popular form of internal population movement. The availability of work is a main factor in why people move. International migration has grown. Around 100 million people, this including legal and undocumented immigrants in the world live outside of their home countries. Most of transnational immigrants are effected by economic factors. When immigrants choose the transnational route they take the chance of their identity, sense of citizenship, and entitlements of being hurt.
My reaction to the movie in class really brought my attention to why immigrants are treated so badly? Whether they are in their own homeland or are deported to another country they are still treated as a disease. Many say they have no problem with immigrants but illegal immigrants are who they find problems with. Illegal immigrants are thought to have the attitude of entitlement to benefits of citizenship without any obligations.
Citizens of America feel that immigrants should go through a legalization process or sent home. I agree with having them legalized but sending them back to worse abuse does not seem right to me. I am not saying immigrants or every person should have a red carpet rolled out but at least for them to be treated as humans with rights. On the video, the immigrants were living in holes and being beaten. No one deserves to live that way. Prisoners who murdered another human being live in better circumstances. I know America cannot help everyone but we can at least set an example of how to treat them the right way.
I hear so much talk about the health care and how immigrants are stupid. They are taking advantage of us and need to leave. I want to know if anyone has taught them how to live here correctly? Think of a teenager who lived in terrible circumstances and tried to live out his dream and by doing that he came here. He does not speak any English but is just finding his way barely through America. Maybe, all of the immigrants do no know they are doing wrong. What if it was you living in a country under oppression? Would you stay or try and find something better? Let’s try and put ourselves in their shoes.
“People look at us like ignorant and worthless. Let me tell you that we are hard working and very intelligent. We too have dreams, hopes, and ideas. You think we don’t want to go to school and learn and get degrees and make good money and be respected and feel *free*? Of course we do. Do you know how hard it is to get here legally? Did you know that you have to prove to your country that you are very wealthy in order to visit with a Visa? Did you know people in immigration offices have the applications in their hands and deny them without even looking at them? Nobody tells you this right?
It took me 12 years to get a work permit. It took me 13 years to become a resident. It took me 22 years to become a citizen. Do you think that’s fair? I hate all these people’s comments about how we need to get out of here and get back inside legally. It’s so hard. It takes for ever.”
Reading Chapters 3 and 8 brought many topics to my attention. Simple things such as: private property, agriculture, the world within women work in, punishment, and the term nation. These few topics will be touched on to give a full idea of what chapters 3 and 8 consisted of.
First off, private property is a concept that is still prevalent today. From the mountains to the beach, private property signs are stuck in every bush or pile of sand. The words represent the privilege of owning somethings that can be sold to another. This concept does not exist in foraging societies. The term is “used rights”. This term is more appropriate and it means that socially it is accepted in access to particular resources, like gathering places, and fishing areas.
Moving on to agriculture, growing up, I took several tests that would predict what field, I would be in when I got older. Every time it turned out to be, agriculture. I thought it meant to be a farmer but it is a little more than that. Agriculture is a way of living that deals with growing crops on permanent plots by plowing, irrigation, and fertilizer. Farming is another term that can be used to describe this way of life.
Farming is an intense way of life that involves the same plot of land to be used repeatedly without losing it ability to grow things. Animals that are tamed such as: cows, horses, ox, and donkeys are used for plowing, transportation, and organic fertilizer in the form of manure or materials that are composed. Water sources that are artificial are very depended on by farmers. Irrigation channels or terracing the land are examples of this method. To be involved in agriculture it involves to be very knowledgeable about plants and the environment. Soil types, precipitation patterns, plant varieties, and pest management are all other fields that a participant in agriculture has to be familiar with. Family farming is another branch off of agriculture that is a way to support a family and to produce goods for sales. More than one billion people choose this as a way of life. Developing countries are more apt for this concept more than industrialized countries. A cross-cultural variety is exhibited in family farming. Their days consist of harvesting crops, weeding, plowing, and terracing.
Thinking about the families that are involved in farming, I just assume the men are the ring leaders in that field. So what do the women face or experience? In my personal experience I have observed that males make more than females. In the outside job world males make a significant amount more compared to women who work just as hard but discriminated because of their gender. Women are expected to work outside the home if required and also perform the duties of the home such as: cleaning, laundry, and taking care of the kids.
Single moms have it the hardest. They are discriminated against in the work force and then come home to work even harder. My mom for example works outside of the home to help provide for our family then comes home and takes care of our home and family. She cleans, cooks, takes care of my brother and I and keeps the house running.
Speaking about the different sexes in Papua New Guinea, specific foods are labeled as “men” and “women”. The disease was named kuru. Men were allowed to eat the better food such as the meat from pigs while women were left with a scarce population of pigs. It was acceptable for women to cook and eat deceased people.Shirley Lindenbaum finally pinpointed the disease that women were the victims of poison by cannibalism. Researchers discovered that kuru was a disease categorized as neurological.
Subject change once again. If you were just wondering, the term "pure gift" means to give a gift with not one thing in return. I feel as if I should give any gift as a “pure gift”. I never try to expect anything in return from anyone. A pure gift is a generalized reciprocity. Donating money, giving blood, or giving to a food drive are all examples of a pure gift. Many debate this idea because they say the giver always gets something in return, even a good feeling.
For two of my friends birthdays, I gave them both a gift. I expect nothing from them in return. For my birthday only one out of the two friends gave me a present back and that is totally okay. I did not set my emotions on receiving anything in return. For Christmas I will do the same. I will give my friends a gift and not expect anything from them. I enjoy blessing them and letting them know they are loved.
Chapter 8
Moving to the next chapter, I found interesting the two systems that are in a political organization that is between tribal and cheifdom. This would be the big-man system or the big-woman system. Individuals can build a political base and gain prestige, influence, and authority through a system of redistribution based off of ties and grand feasts.
A law is a binding rule that is created through custom or official enactment that defines correct behavior and the punishment for misbehavior. The system of las are more likely to be known and are more elaborate in state-level societies.
When children are little they are punished when they do wrong. Punishment is administering something unpleasant to someone who has broken a law or rule. The most extreme form for punishment is the death penalty. For those in the Islamic culture, if them rob a family,they must pay compensation back to them.
Prison is another form of punishment. It is a place for those who disobeyed to spend time, think about their mistakes, and restricted from doing certain things. Castles and dungeons are examples of the power some individuals had and the pain the could inflict on a wrongdoer. The first prison was built in Philadelphia in the late 1700s. The United States holds the record for have the most people attained. The prison population, of 1.6 million has doubled since the year of 1985. In England the most race that is incarcerated are Muslims and Louisiana has the highest rate for incarceration.
Talking about the punishment that happens, what about the place this takes place in? The United States is one nation under God. The term nation specifically means a group of people who share a language, culture, or territorial base, political organization, and history. A nation is homogeneous, and which really means that the United States is not a nation but more of a political unit that is made up of many nations. Nation-state is another term that refers to a state that compromises only one nation. Others think it compromises other nations.
I enjoyed learning and thinking about the variety of topics covered. So many thoughts were entertained that brought even more insight. The particular topics I went over, gave the proper induction to the two chapters, touching on what stuck out to me personally. I learned more than I was expecting to and the topic of new guinea came up in a conversation I had this week. I new exactly what my friend was referring to!
I attended the seminar with Dr. Corrie who focused on conflict and peace that took place in Northern Ireland. Dr. Corrie talked about the East Belfast Mission. She worked at Emory University and traveled to Northern Ireland in 2011. Her trip was affiliated with Emory’s journeys of reconciliation program. She is extremely knowledgeable about the conflict that took place and then she covered how the mending went. I will discuss a few of the points she presented and what I found interesting.
Dr. Corrie talked about the portion in 1921 in Northern Ireland and how it is still separate.
The Northern Ireland and the non-violent movement happened. The British Army then entered and in 1972, when Bloody Sunday happened.
The non-violent march happened to go wrong and twenty six people were killed. All of the civilians were shot in the back and were said to be innocent.
In 1998, the Good Friday Peace Agreement was signed. Everyone was pressured to vote. When the Peace Agreement was eventually signed a bombing ended up happening.
The Titanic was built in Northern Ireland, they were very proud. Everyone was very excited about the ship being built because 63% of those around the shipyard are now employed. A titanic quarter is now being made that is suppose to be for the future.
Inner East Belfast is the most impoverished neighborhood.
Skainos is a Irish word that means tent. It was very interesting to find out that you can go your whole life being segregated.
Curt Lindquist signed my paper to prove I was there.
My next event I attended was the Ghost Stories told by Betsy Doty. She told tales from Ireland that described the many superstitions they have.The one tale she told was about two monsters named, Lunachar and Munachar. They would carefully pick berries and Lunachar use to eat all of them. Munachar had enough and decided to hang Lunachar. She was very animated in describing all of the different levels, Munachar had to go through to hang Lunachar. He needed an axe to cut the limb and a limb to make a gallow and a gallow to hang Muncahar is a small part of the list he needed to go through to finish his mission. After all he went through Lunachar ended up exploding from eating too many berries so he ended up not being hung.
The next story is about a woman who looks for a lonely soul to take back with her to her land. She searched all of the world for a soul. She found a farmer whom she awoke and then took his soul.
The Librarian signed my paper to prove I was there.
Citizens of America feel that immigrants should go through a legalization process or sent home. I agree with having them legalized but sending them back to worse abuse does not seem right to me. I am not saying immigrants or every person should have a red carpet rolled out but at least for them to be treated as humans with rights. On the video, the immigrants were living in holes and being beaten. No one deserves to live that way. Prisoners who murdered another human being live in better circumstances. I know America cannot help everyone but we can at least set an example of how to treat them the right way. 
I hear so much talk about the health care and how immigrants are stupid. They are taking advantage of us and need to leave. I want to know if anyone has taught them how to live here correctly? Think of a teenager who lived in terrible circumstances and tried to live out his dream and by doing that he came here. He does not speak any English but is just finding his way barely through America. Maybe, all of the immigrants do no know they are doing wrong. What if it was you living in a country under oppression? Would you stay or try and find something better? Let’s try and put ourselves in their shoes. 
